The effect of heavy metals on postembryonic development of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

Abstract

Common carp larvae were reared under laboratory conditions, in water containing lead or copper. Development and growth rate, survival, and skeletal deformities were evaluated. Exposure to heavy metals resulted in slowed down development and growth rate, and reduced survival. Exposure to copper inhibited skeletal ossification, while lead caused scoliosis.